A root-finding algorithm, based on repeatedly narrowing an interval, employs a simple numerical approach to locate a function’s zero. This iterative process involves dividing the interval in half and selecting the subinterval where the function changes sign, indicating the presence of a root. For example, consider finding the root of f(x) = x – 2. Starting with the interval [1, 2], where f(1) is negative and f(2) is positive, the midpoint is calculated as 1.5. Since f(1.5) is positive, the new interval becomes [1, 1.5]. This procedure continues until the interval becomes sufficiently small, effectively approximating the root.
This iterative approach offers a reliable and relatively simple method for solving non-linear equations, beneficial when algebraic solutions are difficult or impossible to obtain. Its straightforward implementation makes it a foundational tool in numerical analysis and computational science, historically significant as one of the earliest numerical methods developed. While its convergence might be slower compared to more advanced techniques, its robustness and guaranteed convergence under certain conditions make it valuable for various applications.
